The list of 100 authors is as follows:
Pre-Renaissance (1450), 25: Bible, Homer, Sophocles, Aristophanes, Euripides, Euclid, Thucydides, Plato, Aristotle, Archimedes, Lucretius, Cicero, Virgil, Seneca, Plutarch, Tacitus, Augustine, Benedict, Beowulf, Comnena, Aquinas, Gawain, Chaucer, Dante, Pizan
Renaissance (1450) – Enlightenment (1785) 25: Da Vinci, Luther, Castiglione, Machiavelli, Copernicus, Las Casas, Montaigne, Shakespeare, Viete, Cervantes, Bacon, Harvey, Galileo, Donne, Descartes, Hobbes, Rochefoucauld, Pascal, Newton, Ines de la Cruz, Swift, Rousseau, Smith, Hume, Kant
American to Industrial Revolution (1785 –1900) 25: Hamilton Jay and Madison (HJM), Gibbon, Wollstonecraft, Wordsworth, Hegel, Dalton, Austen, Oersted, Mackay, Emerson, Kierkegaard, Marx, Thoreau, Lincoln, Darwin, Mill, Carroll, Mendel, Tolstoy, Pasteur, Rimbaud, Dostoevsky, Twain, Nietzsche, Herzl
20th Century, 25: Du Bois, Rutherford, Joyce, Kafka, Freud, Einstein, Piaget, Heidegger, Heisenberg, Keynes, Ernst, Benjamin, Hubble, Hardy, Borges, Schrodinger, Orwell, de Beauvoir, Turing, Camus, Beckett, Wittgenstein, Ginsburg, Carson, Sontag
The authors can be broken down in a couple interesting ways. First, fairly roughly, through type of writing:
Novelists/Short Stories (11): Cervantes, Swift, Austen, Carroll, Tolstoy, Dostoevsky, Twain, Joyce, Kafka, Borges, Orwell
Poets (11): Homer, Lucretius, Virgil, Beowulf, Dante, Gawain, Chaucer, Donne, Wordsworth, Rimbaud, Ginsburg
Playwrights (6): Sophocles, Aristophanes, Euripides, Shakespeare, Ines de la Cruz, Beckett
Social Science (26):
Politics (9): Cicero, Machiavelli, Hobbes, Rousseau, HJM, Thoreau, Lincoln, Mill, Herzl
Sociologists (7): Pizan, Castiglione, Montaigne, Wollstonecraft, Mackay, Du Bois, de Beauvoir
Historians (6): Thucydides, Tacitus, Plutarch, Comnena, Las Casas, Gibbon
Economists (3): Smith, Marx, Keynes
Psychologists (2): Freud, Piaget
Science (16):
Physicists (8): Galileo, Newton, Dalton, Oersted, Rutherford, Einstein, Heisenberg, Schrödinger
Biologists (5): Harvey, Darwin, Mendel, Pasteur, Carson
Astronomers (2): Copernicus, Hubble
General (1): Bacon
Philosophers (14): Plato, Aristotle, Seneca, Descartes, Hume, La Rochefoucauld, Kant, Hegel, Emerson, Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Heidegger, Camus, Wittgenstein
Theologians (6): Bible, Augustine, Benedict, Aquinas, Luther, Pascal
Mathematicians (5): Euclid, Archimedes, Viete, Hardy, Turing
Art (4): Da Vinci, Benjamin, Ernst, Sontag
Further they can be distinguished by language of publication (you could also do nationality, but that gets quite complex):
English language: 36 (Wollstonecraft, Darwin, Bacon, Shakespeare, Orwell, Carson, Hobbes, Mill, Hume, Gibbon, Thoreau, Emerson, Du Bois, Smith, Rutherford, HJM, Beowulf, Gawain, Chaucer, Dalton, Austen, Carroll, Twain, Swift, Donne, Wordsworth, Schrödinger, Hubble, Ginsburg, Beckett, Joyce, Lincoln, Hardy, Mackay, Turing, Sontag, Keynes)
Latin: 17 (Lucretius, Seneca, Aurelius, Cicero, Virgil, More, Newton, Copernicus, Harvey, Descartes, Benedict, Augustine, Tacitus, Luther, Aquinas, Viete, Oersted)
German: 13 (Einstein, Heisenberg, Heidegger, Kant, Nietzsche, Wittgenstein, Freud, Benjamin, Marx, Mendel, Kafka, Hegel, Herzl)
Greek: 11 (Sophocles, Euripides, Homer, Plato, Aristotle, Aristophanes, Euclid, Archimedes, Thucydides, Plutarch, Comnena)
French: 10 (Pizan, Rochefoucauld, Montaigne, Pascal, Pasteur, Camus, Rousseau, Piaget, Rimbaud, de Beauvoir)
Italian: 5 (Da Vinci, Galileo, Dante, Machiavelli, Castiglione)
Spanish: 4 (Cervantes, Las Casas, Ines de la Cruz, Borges)
Russian: 2 (Tolstoy, Dostoevsky)
Hebrew: 1 (Bible)
Danish: 1 (Kierkegaard)
None: 1 (Ernst)
What do you think? Who is missing? Who shouldn't be on there? Do you agree that the traditional 'West' became increasingly meaningless in a post-1960s globalized world? If not, who should come after Susan Sontag? Let me know what you think.
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