Friday, July 31, 2020

Fascism

This post was inspired by a video shared with me, and by reporting done by McSweeney's. From a researcher of fascist regimes, here then are the 14 early warning signs of fascism. Count them down with me…

1. Powerful and continuing nationalism







2. Disdain for human rights


 

3. Identification of enemies as a unifying cause









 4. Supremacy of the military





Feb., 2017: Dep. of Homeland Security floats the idea of using the military to round up illegal immigrants.

Mar., 2017: Makes it easier for the CIA to conduct drone strikes without military oversight.


5. Rampant sexism




Accused of sexual assault and harassment by:

Apr., 2016: Jill Harth
May, 2016: Temple Taggert
Jun., 2016: Cassandra Searles
Oct., 2016: Tasha Dixon
Oct., 2016: Mariah Billado
Oct., 2016: Rachel Crooks
Oct., 2016: Jessica Leeds
Oct., 2016: Jennifer Murphy
Oct., 2016: Mindy McGillivray
Oct., 2016: Natasha Stoynoff
Oct., 2016: Lisa Boyne
Oct., 2016: Kristin Andersen
Oct., 2016: Samantha Holvey
Oct., 2016: Summer Zervos
Oct., 2016: Cathy Heller
Oct., 2016: Karen Virginia
Oct., 2016: Jessica Drake
Oct., 2016: Ninni Laaksonen

Sep., 2017: Department of Education tears down the laws to pursue sexual assault on campuses

Dec., 2017: Trump endorses Roy Moore, who sexually abused teenage girls.

Sep., 2018: Pushes through the Kavanaugh Supreme Court nomination, despite sexual assault case brought forward by Dr. Christine Blasey Ford and others.

6. Controlled mass media


Feb., 2017: Calls the New York Times, CNN, CBS, ABC, and NBC the enemy of the people.






7. Obsession with national security








Oct., 2017: Tries to swap DACA for more border security agents, an end to sanctuary cities, harsher asylum rules, and funding the border wall.

Apr., 2018: Begins process to deploy the National Guard to the Southern border

Oct., 2018: Sends federal troops to the Southern border

8. Religion and government intertwined




Feb., 2017: Trump says he wants to repeal the Johnson amendment, baring churches and religious organizations from taking political stances and remaining tax-exempt. He signs an executive order to implement the policy leniently.

Jan., 2018: Opens the “Conscience and Religious Freedom” branch of the Department of Health and Human Services.



9. Corporate power protected

10. Labor power suppressed


Mar., 2017: Signs a bill repealing the Fair Pay and Workplace Safety act.

May, 2018: Three executive orders signed to cut back union power and pay.

Apr., 2019: Trump tweets against labor unions




11. Disdain for intellectuals & the arts




Feb., 2020: Architects stand against Trump's executive order that all federal buildings be done in the classical style (as did Mussolini, Franco, and "a particular German").

Jan., 2020: Trump's budget calls for eliminating the National Endowment of the Arts, starting in 2021, and major cuts to the Institute of Museum and Library Services, the National Endowment for the Humanities, and the Corporation for Public Broadcasting. It is not the first budget he's proposed with these considerations.

Jul., 2020: Signs an executive order to create a statue garden with the provision: "All statues in the National Garden should be lifelike or realistic representations of the persons they depict, not abstract or modernist representations"


12. Obsession with crime & punishment


Feb., 2017: Appoints Jeff Sessions as Attorney General, long-time advocate for harsh criminal punishments, including for minor crimes.

Jul., 2020: Begins federal executions for the first time in 17 years




13.  Rampant cronyism & corruption


Feb., 2017: White House officially markets Ivanka's brand

May, 2017: Jared and Nicole Meyer solicit Chinese investment in return for visas.

Jul., 2017: Ivanka takes Trump's place at G20 meetings.

Sep., 2017: Jared's inability to pass his security clearance comes to light.

Nov., 2017: Trump puts Eric's brother-in-law as Chief of Staff of the Dept. of Energy.

Feb., 2020: Public spending on Trump's private properties exceeds $20 million

Jun., 2020: Trump has officially spent 1/4 of his first term (not yet completed) at his private residences, including golf courses.


14.  Fraudulent elections










*     *     *

So. We're no longer in the realm of "hyperbole" or "hysteria". Trump's near-four years have been full of fascistic policies. He's said fascist things, exhibited fascist actions, and has used the law and powers of the Executive Branch as a tool for fascist ideology.

This fall is a simple referendum - fascism or no? I don't care what arguments you have about Biden. Virtually no argument could be strong enough outweigh "being in the grips of a fascist leader". Biden would have to be an actual serial killer to be worse than Trump - that's where the bar is set. Remember: even Stalin and Churchill were able to work together to stop fascism. It is the gravest threat, more than Marxism, anarchy, or anything else. The question has been simplified beyond that of any modern election: Fascism or no?

If you do not vote for Biden, you are okay with fascism.

As we've seen, Trump checks all fourteen boxes. We have, to quote the video, moved beyond "theory" at this point. And I didn't include any of his signals from before officially running for office. I even left out most of the things he did while running, from "shoot a person on Fifth Avenue" to inciting violence in his rallies - actions and statements common to dictators, not Presidents.

If you do not vote for Biden, you are okay with fascism.

There is no other alternative: not voting helps Trump stay in office. Voting for a write-in, or third party candidate, helps Trump. Remember: he's only President because, in 2016, enough people in Michigan, Wisconsin, and Pennsylvania voted for third party candidates to get him elected. They determined Trump's thin margin of victory. If they had voted for Clinton, Trump wouldn't be in office today. (Here are those numbers, again. Michigan: Clinton lost by 11,000 votes. 220,000 went to Gary Johnson and Jill Stein. Wisconsin: Clinton lost by 20,000 votes. 130,000 went to Johnson and Stein. Pennsylvania: Clinton lost by 50,000 votes. 195,000 went to Johnson and Stein.) Anything beyond actively supporting and voting for Biden, means that you support Trump.

If you do not vote for Biden, you are...a fascist.

The proof is abundant and clear, overwhelming - there is no excuse to call Trump, or his supporters, anything else. And if you're not trying to get rid of him - you are one of those supporters. Your silence is complicit. We know, from history, that not speaking out and trying to stop the march towards dictatorship is exactly how you turn Germans into Nazis. Or Americans into fascists.

Don't be a fascist. Vote for Joe Biden.

Monday, July 27, 2020

Ethical Themes and Empathetic Considerations for School Literature


I've been thinking about what we get out of the literature we read in school. Increasingly, I think the main things to focus on for students are ethics and empathy, and, secondarily, an appreciation of style. As such, here are lists of exemplary content for both. If the book was assigned to me, the grade when I read the work is in parentheses (not including college).

Ethical Themes and Empathetic Considerations for School Literature


Absurdity

Alice in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass by Lewis Carroll (8th Grade)
The Plague by Albert Camus (10th Grade)
Regeneration by Pat Barker (10th Grade)
“Deer in the Works” by Kurt Vonnegut (11th Grade)
“The Nose” and “The Overcoat” by Nikolai Gogol (12th Grade)
Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky (12th Grade)
The Death of Ivan Ilych by Leo Tolstoy (12th Grade)
“In the Penal Colony” by Franz Kafka 
“Diary of a Madman” by Lu Xun
Waiting for Godot by Samuel Beckett
The River Why by David James Duncan
No Exit by Jean-Paul Sartre

Fate

“A Good Man is Hard to Find” by Flannery O’Connor (9th Grade)
Iliad (selections) by Homer (10th Grade)
Oedipus Rex by Sophocles (10th Grade)
Candide by Voltaire (10th Grade)
Hamlet by William Shakespeare (11th Grade)
Faust by Goethe
Childhood’s End by Arthur C. Clarke
The Alchemist by Paolo Coelho
Frankenstein by Mary Shelly
Never Let Me Go by Kazuo Ishiguro
“The Last Question” by Isaac Asimov

Feminism, Sexuality and Gender

“The Yellow Wallpaper” by Charlotte Perkins Gillman (9th Grade)
Medea by Euripides (10th Grade)
Hedda Gabler by Henrik Ibsen (10th Grade)
The Bacchae by Euripides
The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood
Angels in America by Tony Kushner
Memoirs of Hadrian by Marguerite Yourcenar
Lysistrata by Aristophanes
Mrs. Dalloway by Virginia Woolf
Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen
Spring Awakening by Paul Wedekind
Persepolis by Marjane Satrapi
Fun Home: A Family Tragicomic by Alison Bechdel

Self v. Society (Culture)

The Giver by Lois Lowry (6th Grade)
Lord of the Flies by William Golding (7th Grade)
“The Lottery” by Shirley Jackson (9th Grade)
“The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas” by Ursula K. LeGuin (9th Grade)
“The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber” by Ernest Hemingway (9th Grade)
“Harrison Bergeron” by Kurt Vonnegut (11th Grade)
Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury
Brave New World by Aldous Huxley
The Monkey-Wrench Gang by Edward Abbey
Midnight’s Children by Salman Rushdie
Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck
The Time Machine by HG Wells
Ishmael by Daniel Quinn
Watchmen by Alan Moore and Dave Gibbons

Self v. State / War

Ender’s Game by Orson Scott Card (7th Grade)
Antigone by Sophocles (10th Grade)
Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare (10th Grade)
The Things They Carried by Pat O’Brien (11th Grade)
El Senor Presidente by Miguel Asturias
Darkness at Noon by Arthur Koestler
All the King’s Men by Robert Penn Warren
Animal Farm by George Orwell
1984 by George Orwell
I, Claudius by Robert Graves

Religion / Faith / Science

Inherit the Wind by Jerome Lawrence and Robert Lee (8th Grade)
Barabbas by Par Lagerkvist (10th Grade)
Becket by Jean Anouilh (10th Grade)
St. Joan by George Bernard Shaw (10th Grade)
A Man for All Seasons by Robert Bolt (10th Grade)
Galileo by Bertolt Brecht (10th Grade)
Children of Gebelawi by Naguib Mahfuz
Death Comes for the Archbishop by Willa Cather
The Crucible by Arthur Miller
A Canticle for Leibowitz by Walter M. Miller
Go Tell It on the Mountain by James Baldwin
“The Atheist's Mass by Honore de Balzac
A Contract with God by Will Eisner

Holocaust and Internment

Number the Stars by Lois Lowry (6th Grade)
The Painted Bird by Jerzy Kosinski (12th Grade)
A Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich by Alexander Solzhenitsyn (12th Grade)
Night by Elie Wiesel
Maus by Art Spiegelman

Racism and Colonialism

The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven by Sherman Alexie (11th Grade)
Beloved by Toni Morrison
Death and the King’s Horseman by Wole Soyinka
Devil on the Cross by Ngugi Wa Thiongo
Season of Migration to the North by Tayib Saleh
Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe
Fences by August Wilson
Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison
Native Son by Richard Wright
Segu by Maryse Conde
American Indian Stories by Zitkala-Sa

Family and Generations

Danny, the Champion of the World by Roald Dahl (6th Grade)
Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare (9th Grade)
The Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan (11th Grade)
Main Street by Sinclair Lewis
“Buying a Fishing Rod for My Grandfather” by Gao Xingjian
One Hundred Years of Solitude by Gabriel Garcia Marquez
Pedro Paramo by Juan Rulfo
As I Lay Dying by William Faulkner
“Gravel” by Alice Munro

Stylistic Works for School Literature

Short Stories

“The Lady or the Tiger?” by Frank Stockton (9th Grade)

“The Tell-Tale Heart” by Edgar Alan Poe (9th Grade)
“The Most Dangerous Game” by Richard Connell (9th Grade)
“Man from the South” by Roald Dahl (9th Grade)

“An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge” by Ambrose Bierce (11th Grade)
“The Garden of Forking Paths” by Jorge Luis Borges
The Story of an Hour  by Kate Chopin
The Dead  by James Joyce
“The Door in the Wall by HG Wells
Olalla” by RL Stevenson
“The Waveries” by Frederic Brown
“Magic for Beginners” by Kelly Link

Poetry

Ozymandias by Percy Shelly (9th Grade)
Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night by Dylan Thomas (9th Grade)

The Red Wheelbarrow by William Carlos Williams (9th Grade)

Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening by Robert Frost (11th Grade)
To His Coy Mistress by Andrew Marvell
Howl by Allen Ginsburg
Ode to a Grecian Urn by John Keats
Song of the Wagons by Du Fu
Nefarious War by Li Bai
Ulysses by Alfred Lord Tennyson
Tintern Abbey by William Wordsworth
If You Forget Me by Pablo Neruda
Still I Rise by Maya Angelou
Harlem by Langston Hughes
The Flea by John Donne
Slow Rain by Gabriela Mistral
The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock by TS Eliot
Summer Day by Boris Pasternak
At the Station in an Autumn Morning by Giosue Carducci
A Vignette by Carl Spitteler
A Season in Hell by Arthur Rimbaud
Grieving and Wandering by Charles Baudelaire
As Kingfishers Catch Fire by Gerard Manley Hopkins
Sit the Noon Out, Pale and Absorbed in Thought by Eugenio Montale
The Visions by Harry Martinson
A Song on the End of the World by Czeslaw Milosz
Eagle or Sun by Octavio Paz
Photograph from September 11 by Wislawa Szymborska
Alcaic by Tomas Transtromer
Poet in New York by Federico Garcia Lorca
Wheel-Rim River Sequence by Wang Wei
Return to the Field by Tao Chien
The Emperor of Ice-Cream by Wallace Stevens
A selection of haiku by Matsuo Basho

Drama

A Streetcar Named Desire by Tennessee Williams (11th Grade)
The Search for Signs of Intelligent Life in the Universe by Jane Wagner (12th Grade)
Six Characters in Search of an Author by Luigi Pirandello
Life is a Dream by Calderon de la Barca
The Clouds by Aristophanes
A Midsummer Night’s Dream by William Shakespeare
The Misanthrope by Moliere
Phedre by Racine
The China Tree by Issam Mahfouz
The Recognition of Shakuntala by Kalidasa
No Dramas: Early Snow, Tsunemasa
The Sandbox by Edward Albee
The Skin of Our Teeth by Thornton Wilder
Betrayal by Harold Pinter
Rhinoceros by Eugene Ionesco

Saturday, July 4, 2020

National Garden of American Heroes

So President Trump announced the creation of a "National Garden of American Heroes" and specifically named the following people to be a part of it:

  • John Adams
  • Susan B. Anthony
  • Clara Barton
  • Daniel Boone
  • Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain
  • Henry Clay
  • Davy Crockett
  • Frederick Douglass
  • Amelia Earhart
  • Benjamin Franklin
  • Billy Graham
  • Alexander Hamilton
  • Thomas Jefferson
  • Martin Luther King, Jr.
  • Abraham Lincoln
  • Douglas MacArthur
  • Dolley Madison
  • James Madison
  • Christa McAuliffe
  • Audie Murphy
  • George S. Patton, Jr.
  • Ronald Reagan
  • Jackie Robinson
  • Betsy Ross
  • Antonin Scalia
  • Harriet Beecher Stowe
  • Harriet Tubman
  • Booker T. Washington
  • George Washington
  • Orville and Wilbur Wright

Hoo boy. There are some big problems here. First, lets get rid of the people who already have National Memorials or Monuments, since that's just redundant: George Washington, Jefferson, Franklin, King, Hamilton, Lincoln, Booker T. Washington, Tubman, and the Wright Brothers. Adams has a memorial in the works, as well. When it comes to creating our list we'll also make sure we don't add anyone who has a Memorial or Monument not already listed (Grant, Chavez, LBJ, etc.).

But let's take it a step further. There is already a rather famous collection of statues in D.C., the National Statuary Hall at the Capitol. This collection of life-size works removes even more people: Reagan, Douglass, Madison, and Clay, as well as Graham and Earhart, who will soon be added.

So let's look at the new list. I've also gone ahead and marked which ones already have prominent, full-size public statues in bold:

  • Susan B. Anthony
  • Clara Barton
  • Daniel Boone
  • Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain
  • Davy Crockett
  • Douglas MacArthur
  • Dolley Madison
  • Christa McAuliffe
  • Audie Murphy
  • George S. Patton, Jr.
  • Jackie Robinson
  • Betsy Ross
  • Antonin Scalia
  • Harriet Beecher Stowe

This leaves us with Barton, McAuliffe, Ross, and Stowe. I should point out a couple of small problems with Betsy Ross - 1) she didn't actually make the first American flag, and 2) no one knows what she looks like, making a statue rather difficult.

So. Barton - who founded the Red Cross; McAuliffe - who died in the Challenger disaster, and Stowe - who wrote Uncle Tom's Cabin. Not the first three women I'd pick, but sure. As a gesture of magnanimity to Trump I'll leave all three. Let's now fill out the rest, getting the number back to the original thirty.

First, we'll want gender balance, so since we have three women, we need another dozen. I'd suggest the following, who meet our previous requirement of not already having a prominent statue, Memorial or Monument (they also have to be dead - no living people):
  • Alice Paul
  • Lucretia Mott
  • Jane Addams
  • Ida B. Wells
  • Nellie Bly
  • Toni Morrison
  • Margaret Sanger
  • Dianne Fossey
  • Grace Hopper
  • Barbara McClintock
  • Zitkala-Sa
  • Liliuokalani
Then we need fifteen men, again, following all the previously stated requirements:
  • John Ridge
  • Harvey Milk
  • John Dewey
  • Langston Hughes
  • Buckminster Fuller
  • Fred Korematsu
  • Malcolm X
  • Ralph Waldo Emerson
  • Edward R Murrow
  • Earl Warren
  • Ansel Adams
  • Sitting Bull
  • James Baldwin
  • Linus Pauling
  • Maurice Hilleman
Giving us thirty new National Heroes for a garden that is, as currently envisioned, a redundant and ridiculous proposal.